6
8
Vanerio P y col. Hepatectomía de urgencia por necrosis hepáꢂca infectada a colangiograꢃa endoscópica . Rev Argent Cir. 2024;116(1):65-69
of the branch to segment 8 and middle hepaꢀc vein
thrombosis. The plasꢀc stent had migrated to the colon.
The surgical team decided to perform laparoscopic
cholecystectomy and transcysꢀc cholangiography. The
cholangiography revealed an impacted stone in the
distal common bile duct, bile duct dilaꢀon, and contrast
leak in the right anterior sector of the liver. There was
an ischemic area on the liver surface in segment 8 with
a small bile leak. During surgery, the paꢀent presented
hemodynamic instability. To address this, a biliary
drainage tube was placed in the cysꢀc duct and an
abdominal drainage tube was placed in the area of the
bile leak. The operaꢀon was then concluded.
■
FIGURE 1
At 24 hours aꢂer surgery, the paꢀent
experienced mulꢀple organ failure (MOF): kidney
dysfuncꢀon requiring hemodialysis, hemodynamic
failure requiring high doses of vasoacꢀve agents, and
pulmonary distress requiring mechanical venꢀlaꢀon
Computed tomography scan showing a hematoma measuring 15
cm (black arrow), elements of hypoperfusion of the right liver and
thrombosis of the right portal vein branch (white arrow). The right
and middle hepaꢀc veins are not seen. The leꢂ hemiliver shows
compensatory hypertrophy.
(MV). Addiꢀonally, there were signs of liver dysfuncꢀon
with a prothrombin ꢀme of 48% and hypoalbuminemia.
The liver panel showed signs of liver injury/necrosis
with elevated transaminases (AST 11,000 and ALT
000).
Another CT scan was performed (Fig. 1). The
right liver presented a hematoma measuring 15 cm and
ischemia, as well as thrombosis of the portal vein right
branch, middle hepaꢀc vein, and right hepaꢀc vein.
Empiric broad-spectrum anꢀbioꢀc treatment
was removed via choledochotomy, and a T-tube was
inserted.
The paꢀent stayed at the intensive care unit
for 4 days aꢂer surgery and was extubated 48 hours
aꢂer the procedure. She was discharged 20 days aꢂer
liver resecꢀon. Two weeks later, the cholangiography
showed that the bile duct was clear, and the T-tube was
removed.
3
Hepaꢀc necrosis is the result of hepaꢀc
hypoperfusion with or without associated hepaꢀc
arterial of portal venous occlusion. Although rare, this
complicaꢀon may be secondary to invasive procedures
was started with piperacillin/tazobactam plus amikacin.
The hematoma was drained percutaneously, and a
small amount of blood and purulent material was
removed. The cultures of this material yielded negaꢀve
results. The paꢀent recovered hemodynamic stability
and improved organ dysfuncꢀon, but remained was
signs of sepsis.
1
that involve manipulaꢀng the portal pedicle .
There are case reports of subcapsular hepaꢀc
hematoma aꢂer ERCP in the published literature.
Hepaꢀc hematoma is the result of iatrogenic vascular
injury caused by the ꢀp of the guidewire perforaꢀng
Due to the paꢀent’s extensive infected right
liver necrosis and persistent sepsis aꢂer 6 days of
medical and percutaneous treatment, the case was
reviewed with the Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit. It
was decided that an emergency right hepatectomy
would be performed to remove the infected hepaꢀc
necrosis. During surgery, the right liver appeared
ischemic, necroꢀc and feꢀd, and was enlarged due to
the intrahepaꢀc hematoma. Addiꢀonally, the leꢂ liver
showed some degree of hypertrophy, which made it
difficult to mobilize the organ (Fig. 2). There was an
ischemic line along the axis of the middle hepaꢀc vein.
A right hepatectomy was performed via an anterior
approach, with extra-Glissonian approach to the right
portal pedicle and transecꢀon along the ischemic line.
This was done with almost no need for usual technology
2
the intrahepaꢀc bile duct . Another hypothesis is
that the liver injury is secondary to the tracꢀon
force that the balloon exerts on the bile duct when
aꢄempꢀng to remove a retained stone. This force could
rupture vessels and bile ducts, resulꢀng in bleeding.
Intrahepaꢀc or subcapsular hematomas can cause
local mass effect on the parenchyma. This, combined
with decreased perfusion due to vascular injury, can
lead to greater ischemia and necrosis of the hepaꢀc
3
parenchyma .
Paꢀents with liver necrosis are at high risk
of developing complicaꢀons, parꢀcularly infecꢀons.
Secondary infecꢀon of the necroꢀc parenchyma can
cause liquefacꢀve necrosis and abscesses. The mortality
4
rate of infected hepaꢀc necrosis is approximately 50% .
(
ultrasonic dissector and vessel sealer device), as the
parenchyma was necroꢀc.
Aꢂer liver resecꢀon, we aꢄempted to clear
Treatment opꢀons for infected hepaꢀc necrosis
include intravenous anꢀbioꢀcs, percutaneous or open
surgical drainage, and liver resecꢀon. Most paꢀents
are managed with a conservaꢀve approach based
on medical treatment and percutaneous drainage of
the common bile duct stone through the transcysꢀc
route, but this was not possible because the stone
was impacted in the papilla. Therefore, the stone