S Lopes y col. Schwannoma mediasꢂnico gigante. Rev Argent Cirug 2020;112(1):51-54
53
La TC suele ser suficiente para el diagnósꢀco, ya biopsia antes de la cirugía porque la imagen no era cla-
que provee información sobre la localización, tamaño, ra (la masa voluminosa parecía encontrarse dentro del
1
,3,4,5
que se pulmón y no ser fácilmente resecable).
Algunos autores sosꢀenen que la resección
invasión y diagnósꢀco diferencial del tumor
observa como una masa bien definida, siendo frecuen-
tes las calcificaciones focales y los cambios quísꢀcos. quirúrgica, ya sea por métodos mínimamente invasivos
5
,6
En algunos casos puede ser necesario realizar una o por cirugía abierta, es el mejor tratamiento y método
biopsia percutánea de la masa del mediasꢀno posterior para el diagnósꢀco definiꢀvo de los schwannomas me-
antes de la cirugía. La biopsia percutánea no debe rea- diasꢁnicos,4 siendo aconsejable porque se ha descrito
,6
3
lizarse cuando la masa mediasꢁnica es la única imagen la malignización, con una excelente tasa de supervi-
3
,5
visible en la tomograꢃa, sus caracterísꢀcas indican que vencia ya que la recidiva es poco común . La cirugía
es resecable y el paciente no ꢀene síntomas sistémicos torácica video-asisꢀda no fue una opción en este caso
1,3 3
picos de linfoma . En nuestro caso realizamos una porque se uꢀliza generalmente en tumores pequeños .
ꢁ
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ENGLISH VERSION
Mediasꢀnal masses can be benign or malignant not present suspicious nodules.
1
,2,3
and include many differenꢀal diagnoses . Neuroge-
The paꢀent also underwent cardiac tests; the
nic tumors, which represent more than 60%t of poste- echocardiogram and electrocardiogram were normal,
3
rior mediasꢀnal masses and 12-39% of all mediasꢀnal but the cardiopulmonary exercise stress test was sug-
4
,5,6
masses, are classified according to their neural cell gesꢀve of ischemia. A myocardial perfusion scinꢀgra-
of origin in schwannomas, neurofibromas and others.1
,3
phy was performed, which ruled out myocardial isch-
Schwannomas and neurofibromas account for 90% of emia. The paꢀent was then referred to the Urology
3
all NT. Schwannomas usually present as solitary, well- Department and underwent parꢀal leꢂ nephrectomy.
circumscribed and encapsulated masses with a size bet- The pathology report confirmed renal cell carcinoma.
4
ween 2 and 10 cm. We report a case of a giant medias- Another CT scan of the chest was then performed,
ꢀnal schwannoma.
which showed no relevant changes, and surgery was
A 66-year-old male, former smoker of 20 decided via a leꢂ posterolateral thoracotomy. An ex-
package-years with no other remarkable medical his- trapleural, fully intrathoracic mass was found. The tu-
tory, was referred to the Department of Pneumology mor dimensions were 13.5 x 10.3 x 8.7 cm (Figure 3,
because of an image found in a computed tomography Panels A-C) and weighed 551 g. There was no need for
(
CT) scan of the chest (Figure 1, Panels A-C): a mass thoracic wall reconstrucꢀon, but the leꢂ lower lobe un-
apparently located in the leꢂ lower lobe and intra-he- derwent atypical resecꢀon due to the presence of he-
paꢀc lesions suggesꢀve of malignancy. He sought medi- matoma. The postoperaꢀve course was favorable, and
cal advice at a healthcare center due to sudden onset of the paꢀent was discharged at postoperaꢀve day 3, and
respiratory symptoms and dyspnea of unknown cause remains healthy since then. The pathology examinaꢀon
over the past year.
reported a schwannoma with diffuse staining posiꢀve
An abdominal ultrasound was ordered for S-100 protein.
and was negaꢀve for malignant hepaꢀc lesions. As the
Mediasꢀnal schwannomas are benign and
CT scan revealed that the mass was apparently locat- slow-growing NT. 4 Schwannomas originates from the
ed at the lower leꢂ lobe, a percutaneous biopsy was Schwann cells of the spinal, thoracic, vagus, phrenic or
performed. The pathology report was suggesꢀve of a paravertebral sympatheꢀc nerves, affecꢀng paꢀents
6
nerve sheath tumor. On positron emission tomography, predominantly in the third and fourth decade with
the bulky mass demonstrated intense uptake (SUVmax no differences in sex or race. 4 Tumor size is variable,
-6
=
10.8), without other hypermetabolic lesions. A bron- between 2 and 10 cm; in our case the tumor measured
choscopy revealed luminal reducꢀon of the lower lobar 13.5 cm. 4 The most common locaꢀon is in the costo-
bronchus and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology vertebral angle of the posterior mediasꢀnum, 3 like in
was negaꢀve for malignancy. The spirometry showed our case, although intrapulmonary schwannomas have
,4,5
also been described. 5
,6
moderate airway obstrucꢀon.
To further clarify the images found, a thoraco-
abdominal magneꢀc resonance imaging scan (Figure inthepresentedcasereport,3 andsymptomsdevelopas
, Panels A-D) was performed, which demonstrated a a result of compression on other thoracic structures.3,5,6
heterogeneous, well-circumscribed and encapsulated Oꢂen, CT scan is sufficient for the diagnosis,
mass on the inferior half of the leꢂ hemithorax, with as it provides informaꢀon about tumor locaꢀon, size,
Schwannomas areusually found incidentally as
,5
2
cysꢀc degeneraꢀon, of 10 x 10 x 13 cm in size, without invasion and differenꢀal diagnosis: 1
,3,4,5
the tumor ap-
invasion of the surrounding structures, and a nodule on pears as a well-circumscribed mass, usually with focal
the leꢂ kidney suggesꢀve of malignancy. The liver did calcificaꢀons and cysꢀc degeneraꢀon. 5 In some cases,
,6