AM Zalazar y col. Tiroidectomía transoral endoscópica por abordaje vesꢁbular. Rev Argent Cirug 2020; 112(2):185-188
187
Es necesaria la adecuación a la visión laparos- sitarán más estudios con resultados a largo plazo para
cópica y la correcta idenꢀficación de las diferentes es- valorar el costo-efecꢀvidad de la técnica, las indicacio-
tructuras para preservar, entre ellas, el nervio laríngeo nes precisas y las limitaciones por este abordaje.
recurrente y las glándulas paraꢀroideas. En nuestra ex-
Consideramos que la técnica TOETVA podría
periencia evidenciamos un adecuado manejo del dolor ser un método seguro y reproducible, pero creemos
y, al no realizar la tradicional incisión cervical, obtuvi- que debe aplicarse a casos seleccionados, siendo esta
mos resultados estéꢀcos saꢀsfactorios.
la principal limitante. Por ello es moꢀvo de preocupa-
Hasta el momento hemos realizado cinco ca- ción el desarrollo sistemáꢀco de esta técnica y reco-
sos entre ꢀroidectomías totales y hemiꢀroidectomías, mendamos un enfoque mulꢀdisciplinario para la toma
y próximamente comenzaremos a abordar patología de de decisiones con consenꢀmiento y claridad de infor-
glándulas paraꢀroideas por este método. Pero se nece- mación para con el paciente.
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ENGLISH VERSION
Since Theodor Kocher described his technique 5-mm lateral trocars, avoiding mental nerve injury.
in the 19th century, the approach and surgery of the Aꢂer subplatysmal hydrodissecꢀon, the trocars are
1
thyroid gland has become a challenge for surgeons .
introduced guided by palpaꢀon and direct vision.
2
2
The use of minimally invasive techniques and CO is insufflated at a pressure of 6 mmHg to avoid
natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) subcutaneous emphysema. A tracꢀon suture is made in
have led to the development of different approaches the anterior neck skin.
in general surgery and parꢀcularly in head and neck
The subcutaneous ꢀssue is dissected with
electrocautery in the direcꢀon of the sternal notch unꢀl
3
,4
surgery .
The transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy the strap muscles are exposed.
vesꢀbular approach (TOETVA) was described in 2015
by A. Anuwong who presented the first 60 cases isthmus is idenꢀfied below. A silk suture passed from
in humans. In 2016, R. Gordillo published the first the skin into the strap muscle retracts it laterally from
experience developed in Laꢀn America . We report outside.
the case of a female paꢀent with a benign thyroid
tumor and a thyroid size < 5 cm, without previous neck both sharp and blunt maneuvers unꢀl the lateral
surgeries or exposure to radiaꢀon who underwent face of the thyroid lobe is exposed. Dissecꢀon and
The midline raphe is opened, and the thyroid
5
6
The isthmus is incised and dissected using
thyroid surgery using this technique.
secꢀon of the superior and inferior vascular pedicle
A
37-year-old female paꢀent without with ultrasonic scalpel (Fig. 1) aꢂer idenꢀfying the
comorbidiꢀes sought medical care in the Head and parathyroid glands and the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Neck outpaꢀent clinic due to a mass in the anterior by using intraoperaꢀve neural monitoring with bipolar
aspect of the neck which appeared two months before sꢀmulaꢀng electrodes (Fig. 2). The thyroid gland is
consultaꢀon. She complaint of progressive compressive resected downward, releasing the Berry’s ligament.
symptoms associated with swallowing. The thyroid The same procedure is performed in the contralateral
panel was normal. A neck and thyroid ultrasound thyroid lobe.
revealed the presence of two nodules, one in the right
The specimen is removed through the 12-mm
lobe of 24 × 19 ×19 mm and the other in the leꢂ lobe trocar by using an endobag. moving the opꢀcal trocar
of 22 × 16 × 14 mm. The fine-needle aspiraꢀon (FNA) to one of the lateral ports. Adequate hemostasis is
biopsy reported hyperplasꢀc follicular nodule Bethesda checked; in this case, we did not place a drainage tube.
class II. The paꢀent was informed about the possibility The midline is approached with absorbable suture.
of surgery and, due to the presence of bilateral thyroid The mucous surface of the vesꢀbule is sutured with
nodules, the paꢀent agreed to undergo total transoral separate sꢀtches of the same material
endoscopic thyroidectomy by vesꢀbular approach. She
underwent preoperaꢀve risk assessment and direct paꢀent. Total thyroidectomy was feasible, and the
laryngoscopy, and surgery was scheduled. parathyroid glands and both recurrent laryngeal nerves
Surgical technique: the paꢀent is posiꢀoned in were properly idenꢀfied during surgery.
The procedure was well tolerated by the
the supine posiꢀon. A small bump is placed beneath the
Operaꢀve ꢀme was 180 minutes and
paꢀent’s shoulder blades to assist with neck extension. blood loss was 20 mL. There were no intraoperaꢀve
Nasotracheal intubaꢀon is performed, followed by complicaꢀons. The paꢀent presented mild numbness
placement of head drapes.
of the lower lip that recovered 72 hours later. A minor
The lower vesꢀbular surface is approached; submental hematoma developed and there were no
a central 12-mm trocar is inserted, followed by two changes in her voice.