López AE y cols. Íleo biliar. Una enꢁdad que perdura en el ꢁempo. Rev Argent Cirug 2021;113(1):56-61
61
Rigler triad in above 90% of the cases and is considered of 11.7% in paꢀents undergoing enterolithotomy
the gold standard method for the diagnosis of GI6 . In alone (two-stage surgery) versus 16.9% in those with
,10
addiꢀon, uncommon complicaꢀons of GI as perforaꢀon associated cholecystectomy and fistula closure (one-
9
may be visualized .
stage surgery), two-stage surgery was considered the
13
As with all the cases of occlusive acute most convenient opꢀon . However, enterolithotomy
abdomen, laparotomy is the most used approach for alone has 5% of recurrence and should be indicated
emergency surgery of GI.
Video-assisted laparoscopy has also been
only in unstable paꢀents with high preoperaꢀve risk.
Other relevant studies comparing one-stage
described. Morberg et al. compared a series of paꢀents versus two-stage strategies reported similar results
with GI operated by a laparoscopic or open approach for morbidity and mortality and concluded that the
and concluded that morbidity and major complicaꢀons strategy should be indicated based on the paꢀent’s
1
5
are less common in the group undergoing laparoscopy, clinical status . Two-stage surgery has the disadvantage
1
1
without differences in mortality within 30 days . In of requiring two anestheꢀc seꢃngs, longer hospital
Argenꢀna, Ríos et al. reported the results of video- length of stay and higher costs; nevertheless, it is
assisted laparoscopy in 20 paꢀents with GI; in their the best opꢀon for criꢀcally ill paꢀents and in case of
series, two paꢀents required conversion to open surgical teams not trained in one-stage procedures.
surgery due to technical issues. The authors concluded
Finally, the quesꢀon is why there are sꢀll
that video-assisted laparoscopy is a safe and efficient chronic complicaꢀons of cholelithiasis in the 21st
1
2
method to treat GI .
century. There may be social, economic and cultural
In our experience, most gallstones caused aspects in our environment limiꢀng the access to early
obstrucꢀon by impacꢀng the terminal ileum. In a cholecystectomy.
review of 1001 cases of GI, Reisner et al. reported that
the most common sites of gallstone impacꢀon were
the ileum (50% – 60.5%), jejunum (16.1% - 26.9%), Conclusion
1
3
duodenum (3.5% - 14.6%) and colon (3 - 4.1%) .
Gallstones size was > 2.5 cm in all the cases,
Gallstone ileus is a rare condiꢀon more likely
similar to the one described by Syme et al., who to affect women. Computed tomography scan is the
reported that those gallstones with a diameter > 2.5 cm method of choice for the diagnosis. The most adequate
1
4
had greater risk of impacꢀon . A thorough exploraꢀon approach and ꢀming to solve the cholecystoduodenal
should becarriedouttolookforsecondarygallstones, as fistula are controversial and will be defined on the basis
they may cause of a new GI in the postoperaꢀve period. of the paꢀent’s general condiꢀons and the experience
Since Reisner et al. reported mortality rate of the surgical team.
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6