Sapaya AB y col. Tratamiento no operatorio en traumaꢁsmo abdominal cerrado. Rev Argent Cir. 2024;116(3):201-208
207
liver injuries; therefore, it is not comparable to our
Computed tomography of the abdomen and
series in which we had only low-grade liver injuries. pelvis is the imaging modality of choice for renal trauma
The success rate of NOM for liver trauma and should include four phases: non-contrast, arterial,
2
4,25
29,30.
varies from 82% to 100% . As with splenic lesions, nephrogenic, and excretory
low-grade AAST lesions (I-III) are commonly treated This imaging modality offers advantages
with NOM, which provides good results in terms of in accurately classifying renal injury, defining pre-
morbidity and mortality7. However, many paꢀents exisꢀng renal disease, idenꢀfying the funcꢀon of
with even high-grade liver or splenic lesions can be the uninjured kidney, and demonstraꢀng associated
hemodynamically stable and successfully treated with abdominal organ lesions. The presence of contrast
7
,24
NOM in specialized centers.
extravasaꢀon or accumulaꢀon in the excretory phase,
There is sꢀll no consensus on the minimal ipsilateral hydronephrosis, and excretory phase with
monitoring period for paꢀents with blunt liver or splenic signs suggesꢀve of injury of the ipsilateral collector
injury, whether in the ICU or on the ward. Several system with urine extravasaꢀon are indicaꢀons for
recent studies have reported that clinical criteria intervenꢀons such as ureteral stenꢀng, percutaneous
are fundamental to the decision-making process. It nephrostomy, or percutaneous drainage, but are not
3
0
is essenꢀal that paꢀents be observed and undergo absolute contraindicaꢀons to NOM .
ultrasound tests frequently for at least 48 to 72 hours
According to the results presented and our
in an intensive or intermediate care unit to ensure the experience, the high success rate seems to underline
stability of their hemodynamic status and to idenꢀfy the fact that NOM for both liver and spleen can be
2
6
any new peritoneal signs that may develop . Peitzman performed in stable paꢀents regardless of the grade
et al. recommend intensive monitoring for 1 to 3 days of organ injury. In our series, hemodynamic response
2
2
and 3 to 5 days stay on the ward thereaꢂer . A shorter is the main criterion for paꢀent selecꢀon, and we also
length of stay with successful discharge of paꢀents with use clinical, ultrasound, blood tests, and CT monitoring
low-grade injuries aꢂer 1 to 2 days and aꢂer 3 to 4 days for diagnosis and follow-up.
2
7
for higher-grade injuries has also been reported . EAST
Physicians should be aware of failure, hollow
has not set any recommendaꢀons regarding length of viscus injury, and late bleeding rates with NOM. Certain
hospital stay in these paꢀents . Addiꢀonally, there adjuncꢀve therapies, such as angioembolizaꢀon,
are no published prospecꢀve data about the ꢀming of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, and
2
7
safe discharge. The paꢀents included in our study were percutaneous drainage, might help and increase the
hospitalized between 1 and 8 days, with a mean of 5 chances of success of this strategy.
days, and were all evaluated clinically and with imaging
The development of protocols and regular
studies prior to discharge, as reported in the literature. audits can be the first steps for successfully achieving
Injuries to the urogenital tract account for 0.3- beꢃer outcomes and avoiding unnecessary surgeries
3
.5% of all injuries and occur in 10% of all abdominal with all their long-term consequences.
trauma cases. The most common mechanism for these In conclusion, with the inclusion and follow-
lesionsisblunttrauma(70-95%), inmorethan80%ofcases up criteria used in this series, the variables analyzed
there are concomitant injuries and are more common in allowed us to affirm that NOM of blunt abdominal
young men28. According to our study, 27% of the paꢀents trauma with solid organ injury was feasible and
presented low-grade renal injury, predominantly in males, allowed us to achieve a high success rate, without
with no other concomitant lesions.
mortality.
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