1
66
Varela JR y cols. Hidaꢁdosis esplénica única. Rev Argent Cir. 2024;116(2):162-166
nonspecific and serologic tests have a high false minimally invasive but expose the paꢀent to the risk
negaꢀve rate. In our paꢀents, the diagnosis was made of recurrence and possible abscess formaꢀon in the
by the epidemiologic history and imaging tests and was residual cavity. Some authors have also indicated that
confirmed by pathological examinaꢀon.
these techniques could result in an increased length of
Work-up begins with ultrasound because of hospital stay4.
its low cost and high sensiꢀvity and specificity (100%
Parꢀal splenectomy and 6 enucleaꢀon are
2
and 97%, respecꢀvely) . The specificity of ultrasound in
associated with high risk of bleeding . Therefore, these
procedures should only be considered in selected
cases, such as paꢀents with significant comorbidiꢀes,
small cysts, or in the pediatric populaꢀon in whom
spleen preservaꢀon should be aꢄempted.
the diagnosis of splenic hydaꢀd disease is three ꢀmes
2
higher than that of serology . Another useful feature
is the ability to classify cysts according to the Gharbi
3
classificaꢀon .
Computed tomography provides addiꢀonal
informaꢀon about the structure of the cyst, such
as calcificaꢀon or signs of complicaꢀons (bleeding
and infecꢀon). It also demonstrates the relaꢀonship
between the cyst and the blood vessels and adjacent
organs and can help in differenꢀaꢀng it from other
lesions such as epidermoid cysts, splenic abscesses,
In our study, both cysts were larger than
5 cm and occupied more than 75% of the splenic
parenchyma. Therefore, total splenectomy was
considered the most appropriate opꢀon. This procedure
avoids complicaꢀons related to the residual cavity such
as reinfecꢀon, is technically simpler, has lower risk of
bleeding, and recurrence is rare.
1
2
and cysꢀc neoplasms of the spleen .
Some authors recommend convenꢀonal
surgery for large cysts due to the potenꢀal difficulty
in mobilizing and releasing adjacent structures. In our
opinion, laparoscopy is useful because once hemostaꢀc
control of the splenic pedicle is achieved, splenectomy
is usually safe. This approach allows for improved post-
operaꢀve recovery, earlier return to work and fewer
abdominal wall complicaꢀons.
Isolated splenic hydaꢀd cyst is uncommon
but should be considered in the iniꢀal work-up of
splenic cysꢀc lesions, especially in endemic areas. The
diagnosis is suspected by epidemiology and imaging
tests. Negaꢀve serologic tests should not exclude the
diagnosis because of the high rate of false negaꢀve
results. The diagnosis is confirmed by the pathological
examinaꢀon. Laparoscopic total splenectomy is
the recommended approach, even in cases of large
spleens, as it offers a low risk of morbidity, mortality
and recurrence.
The serologic tests were negaꢀve in both
paꢀents. However, this does not exclude the diagnosis
because, as Mejri et al.4 had described, serology
can be negaꢀve in up to 62.5% of isolated splenic
localizaꢀons, even with viable microorganisms as in our
case 2.
Drug treatment is performed with anꢀparasiꢀc
drugs (albendazole) in asymptomaꢀc paꢀents,
as preoperaꢀve prophylaxis, or in paꢀents with
contraindicaꢀons to surgery. Preoperaꢀve treatment
is given in doses of 10-15 mg/kg/day for 30 days and
5
9
0 days postoperaꢀvely . In the case of a ruptured cyst
with peritoneal spread, the dose is 15 mg/kg/day every
2 hours .
The surgical treatment plan dpends on several
5
1
factors, including the paꢀent’s age and performance
status, locaꢀon, size and number of cysts, percentage
of residual splenic parenchyma and comorbidiꢀes.
Opꢀons include percutaneous drainage, unroofing with
omentoplasty, and conservaꢀve or radical splenectomy.
The advantages of percutaneous drainage
Acknowledgments
We appreciate the collaboraꢁon of Leandro M. Danze,
of the Pathological Anatomy Service
and unroofing with omentoplasty are that they are
Referencias bibliográꢂcas /References
1
2
.
.
Prieto M, Marquina T, Mifsut P, Moreno T. Hidaꢀdosis esplé-
hydaꢀd cyst of the spleen: total splenectomy versus spleen sav-
ing surgical modaliꢀes. BMC Surgery. 2021; 21(1), 46. hꢄps://doi.
org/10.1186/s12893-020-01036-8
nica: 5 casos de esta rara localización. Enferm Infec Micr Cl.
2
011;29(8):634-5. hꢄps://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2011.04.003
o
Tévez-Craise L, Daiana-Vaccaro R, De Luca PA, Vásquez-Guillén
ME, Calaramo OA, Logioco F. Hidaꢀdosis: Clasificación clínica-
imagenológica según Gharbi y la Organización Mundial de la Sa-
lud. Rev Argent Radiol. 2022;86(1). hꢄps://doi.org/10.24875/rar.
m22000010
5. Guía para el equipo de salud N. 11: Enfermedades Infeccio-
sas-Hidaꢀdosis. (2012). Ministerio de Salud. ISSN 1852-1819 / en
línea: ISSN 1852-219X hꢄps://bancos.salud.gob.ar/sites/default/
files/2018-10/0000000797cnt-2012-03-29_hidaꢀdosis-guia-med-
ica.pdf
3
4
.
.
Gharbi HA, Hassine W, Brauner, M. W., Dupuch, K. Ultrasound
examinaꢀon of the hydaꢀc liver. Radiology. 1981;139(2):459-63.
hꢄps://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.139.2.7220891
6. Cai H, An Y, Wu D, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhu F, et al. Laparoscopic par-
ꢀal splenectomy: A preferred method for select paꢀents. J Lap-
aroendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2016;26(12): 1010-4. hꢄps://doi.
org/10.1089/lap.2016.0150
Mejri A, Arfaoui K, Ayadi MF, Aloui B, Yaakoubi J. Primiꢀve isolated