9
2
S Quildrian. Editorial sobre Recomendaciones: pacientes oncológicos en contexto de pandemia . Rev Argent Cirug 2020; 112(2):91-92
pacientes oncológicos que requieran tratamiento qui- se publican en el presente número de la Revista Argen-
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rúrgico en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19” que ꢀna de Cirugía.
■
ENGLISH VERSION
The pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV-2, Liang et al. reported a higher incidence of cancer
the virus responsible for COVID-19, represents an event paꢀents among all those paꢀents with COVID-19
never witnessed before by the worldwide populaꢀon than in the general populaꢀon (1% vs. 0.29%) with
and the medical community. The strong and sudden higher requirements for ICU admission (39% vs. .8%,
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impact on the affected countries modified the usual respecꢀvely) . However, it is difficult to find a clear
funcꢀoning of health systems, and social distancing correlaꢀon between the disease and cancer due to
led to radical changes in social relaꢀonships. The need limitaꢀons in the number of cancer paꢀents in the series
to reorganize access to the health system resources to evaluated, the ꢀme since the disease appeared, and
meet the treatment demands of the affected paꢀents the possibility of associated comorbidiꢀes that increase
required deferral of follow-up and procedures so as the risk for severe disease. �hang et al. reported that
not to interfere with the management of the health of 28 cancer paꢀents, 53.6% had severe events with
emergency in many countries. However, this situaꢀon is a mortality rate of 28.6%, with a four-fold increase in
not uniform and depends on geographic, demographic the likelihood of developing severe adverse events in
and economic factors, and therefore each health care infected paꢀents within fourteen days of receiving anꢀ-
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system should take acꢀons tailored to the situaꢀon in tumor treatment .
each phase of the pandemic.
As a high percentage of infected persons
Keeping this in mind, management of cancer are asymptomaꢀc, the usefulness of preoperaꢀve
paꢀents requiring surgical treatment may be affected screening with PCR (polymerase chain reacꢀon) should
for several reasons. On the one hand, depending be determined, especially in those paꢀents undergoing
on the phase of the pandemic, and therefore on the major surgery, requiring immediate admission to the
resources available at that ꢀme, it may be difficult to ICU, and in those who are expected to stay in hospital
perform complex procedures that require resources for a long ꢀme. In this sense, some reports suggest
available in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or prolonged adding imaging tests as chest computed tomography
hospitalizaꢀon. On the other hand, if these paꢀents scan to PCR before surgery to detect COVID-19 paꢀents
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also have COVID-19, the negaꢀve impact on their with false-negaꢀve PCR results .
outcome may require a cost/benefit assessment that
It seems clear that cancer paꢀents as well
in some cases implies changes in the standard therapy. as people with other diseases will be part of the
In this sense, and despite the bias of any retrospecꢀve collateral damage of this pandemic, as the possibility
study, the paper by Lei et al. reports high morbidity and of diagnosis and treatment is restricted either because
mortality in paꢀents with asymptomaꢀc COVID-19 who of redirecꢀng the health resources or due to delays in
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underwent surgery during the incubaꢀon period of the seeking medical care .
disease. Of the 34 paꢀents undergoing medium/high
The need to manage the different scenarios
complexity procedures, 44.1% required admission to for the treatment of cancer paꢀents has led
the ICU with a mortality rate of 20.5%, higher than the scienꢀfic socieꢀes to outline minimal guidelines to
one reported for the COVID-19 paꢀents who did not help decision-making on these paꢀents. However,
1
undergo surgery .
special emphasis should be made to conꢀnue with
The associaꢀon between COVID-19 and cancer mulꢀdisciplinary management so that decisions are
is sꢀll unclear as there are sꢀll no publicaꢀons with made by expert agreement and, thus, transmiꢃed
high level of evidence. It seems reasonable to think to the paꢀent. For this reason, Asociación Argenꢀna
that the effects of the infecꢀon on cancer paꢀents de Cirugía has issued the “Recommendaꢀons for the
could be increased by their intrinsic immunodeficiency, management of cancer paꢀents requiring surgical
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either due to the cancer itself or to cancer treatments treatment during COVID-19 pandemic” , which are
(
chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, surgical published in the current issue of Revista Argenꢀna
stress, etc.). In a study in China involving all the country, de Cirugía.
Referencias bibliográficas
1
.
Lei S, Jiang F, et al. Clinical characterisꢀcs and outcomes of
paꢀents undergoing surgeries during the incubaꢀon period
4. Ai T, Yang �, et al. Correlaꢀon of Chest CT and RT-PCR Tesꢀng
in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of
1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020 Feb 26:200642. doi: 10.1148/radi-
ol.2020200642.
2
3
.
.
Liang W, Guan W, et al. Cancer paꢀents in SARS-CoV-2 infecꢀon: a
naꢀonwide analysis in China. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21:335e7.
�hang L, �hu F, Xie L, et al. Clinical characterisꢀcs of COVID-19-in-
fected cancer paꢀents: a retrospecꢀve case study in three hos-
pitals within Wuhan, China. Ann Oncol. 2020 Mar 26. pii: S0923-
5. Wang H, �hang L. Risk of COVID-19 for paꢀents with cancer. Lan-
cet Oncol. 2020;21:e181.
6. Quildrian S, �und S, Sánchez P, Badra R, Taype X, Raffa I y col. Re-
comendaciones: pacientes oncológicos en contexto de pandemia
por COVID-19. Rev Argent Cirug 2020; 112(2):95-104
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534(20)36383-3.