Ramia JM y col. Trasplante hepáꢁco por hemangioendotelioma hepáꢁco difuso. Rev Argent Cir 2023;115(3):278-281
281
and include the peripheral locaꢀon of the nodules,
the contracꢀon of the capsule, the tendency of
■
FIGURE 2
4
mulꢀple nodules to coalesce and calcificaꢀons . The
“
halo sign” and the “lollipop sign” on CT scan and
MRI (T2 imaging) may be present in some cases of
2
,3
HEHE . Forty percent of paꢀents present portal vein
1
thrombosis before LT . The differenꢀal diagnoses are
liver metastases, sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma,
hemangiosarcoma/
2,3
cavernous
hemangioma,
angiosarcoma, or intrahepaꢀc cholangiocarcinoma .
Due to the absence of specific characterisꢀcs in signs
and symptoms, laboratory tests and radiological
findings, biopsy sꢀll plays a decisive role in its
2
diagnosis .
There are no internaꢀonal guidelines for the
1
,5
management of HEHE . Several treatments have
Surgical field
been used, as waiꢀng strategy, medical treatment
propranolol/corꢀcosteroids), chemotherapy,
radiotherapy, techniques and surgery2
,3,5
. The
2
,3
mutaꢀon are specific of HEHE . The World Health
Organizaꢀon (WHO) defines HEHE as a malignant
tumor with metastaꢀc potenꢀal and variable clinical
(
management of hepaꢀc EHE depends on tumor size,
locaꢀon, extrahepaꢀc extension, and paꢀents’ medical
1
-5
course (indolent to progressive) . It is extremely rare,
with and esꢀmated incidence of 1-2 cases per 1 million
3
status . Liver resecꢀon or LT is the treatment of choice,
2
,3,5,6
. Mean age of paꢀents is 30-50 years and
if feasible2 . Liver transplantaꢀon is indicated in
,4,6
people
is more common in women with a female-to-male
those paꢀents suitable for surgery with unresectable
1
,2
1
raꢀo of 3:2 . It is classified into three types: solitary
13-18% of HEHE), mulꢀple, the most common type, and
mulꢀfocal, diffuse tumors . The presence of
(
extrahepaꢀc disease is not an absolute contraindicaꢀon
2
,3
1
-5
diffuse with coalescence of different nodules . Thirty-
five percent of HEHE paꢀents present metastases in the
lung, peritoneum, spleen, lymph nodes and bones at
for LT if these metastases can be resected . Hepaꢀc
epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas account for 0.1%
5
of all the LT performed in the United States .
1
-3
the moment of diagnosis .
The eꢀology of HEHE is sꢀll unclear. Several
possible risk factors have been idenꢀfied, such as
exposure to chloroethylene, polyurethane, asbestos
or silica, oral contracepꢀve use, sarcoidosis, Crohn’s
disease, liver trauma, primary biliary cirrhosis,
viral hepaꢀꢀs, and alcohol use . Our paꢀent did
not present any of these factors. The three most
common symptoms of HEHE are abdominal pain, liver
enlargement and weight loss, but 20-40% of paꢀents
Survival of HEHE at 1 and 5 years aꢄer LT
is 88.6% and 79.5%, respecꢀvely, according to the
European registry, and 80% and 64%, respecꢀvely,
2
in the United States . Recurrence occurs in 25% of
1
paꢀents undergoing LT (median: 18 years) . Risk factors
for recurrence include tumor size > 10 cm, advanced
2
,3
1
age and macrovascular and lymph node involvement .
Lai et al. developed the HEHE-LT Score to predict the
risk of post-LT recurrence; disease-free survival at 5
years ranged between 94% for a score < 2 and 38.5%
1
,3,6
1
may be asymptomaꢀc . Diffuse HEHE, as in our case,
can progress rapidly to ascites, portal hypertension,
jaundice, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Kasabach-Merriꢃ
for a score > 6 .
In conclusion, HEHE is an extremely rare tumor,
with difficult clinical and radiological diagnosis, and its
treatment, if feasible, is liver resecꢀon or LT. The results
obtained with LT are good, but the risk of recurrence is
not negligible.
1
,2,4
.
syndrome and acute liver failure
2
Liver funcꢀon and tumor markers are usually2
normal . The imaging features of HEHE are nonspecific
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1
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hemangioendothelioma; the UNOS experience from 1987 to
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by excepꢀon points with acceptable long term outcomes.
Transplantaꢀon. 2020;104;1187-92.
1
01:555-64.
2
3
4
. Kou K, Chen YG, Zhou JP, Sun XD, Sun DW, Li SX, Lv GY. Hepaꢀc
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