Matus GN. Editorial: Abordaje laparoscópico del traumaꢁsmo abdominal. Rev Argent Cir 2022;114(3):202-204
203
TNO con mejoría en los síntomas, caracterísꢀcas de sín- del peritoneo en un traumaꢀsmo abdominal penetran-
drome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (SIRS) y una te en pacientes hemodinámicamente estables, para
posible reducción en la duración de la estancia hospi- la evaluación y reparación del diafragma en heridas
talaria.
toracoabdominales izquierdas, o en la exploración de
La laparoscopia aún desempeña un papel mi- hallazgos equívocos en la tomograꢂa. La realización de
noritario en los pacientes con trauma, aunque debe una laparoscopia diagnósꢀca en el paciente de trauma
considerarse su uꢀlidad diagnósꢀca y terapéuꢀca en debe ser llevada a cabo por cirujanos con experiencia
casos seleccionados. Asimismo está ampliamente ex- en el manejo del paciente politraumaꢀzado, así como
tendido su empleo como diagnósꢀco de la violación en la cirugía laparoscópica.
■
ENGLISH VERSION
It was a pleasure to read such a neat and clearly the subject. The importance of a stable hemodynamic
presented paper. As a result of my knowledge in the status has been highlighted by all authors to
field of trauma, obtained at Hospital de Urgencias de indicate laparoscopy in paꢀents with penetraꢀng
Córdoba, I venture to make the following contribuꢀons. trauma.
I agree that diagnosꢀc laparoscopy is a useful screening
Although the use of laparoscopy has proved to
tool for paꢀents with abdominal trauma and avoids be safe, rapid and highly sensiꢀve for the evaluaꢀon of
a significant number of unnecessary exploratory penetraꢀng trauma with the advantages of laparoscopy
laparotomies. As the authors have pointed out, this over open surgery (lower rate of surgical site infecꢀon
is an aꢃracꢀve and interesꢀng pracꢀce in any trauma and respiratory tract infecꢀon, beꢃer pain control and
center with residents in training, since abdominal shorter length of hospital stay) as was analyzed in this
exploraꢀon and treatment of diaphragmaꢀc, gastric work, it is sꢀll controversial in the literature for blunt
or intesꢀnal injuries through laparoscopy represent an abdominal trauma. Nevertheless, we consider it very
intermediate level of complexity.
useful in our hospital. Paꢀents with blunt abdominal
The evaluaꢀon and management of abdominal trauma and non-conclusive diagnosꢀc tests for organ
trauma have undergone significant changes in recent injury are a clear indicaꢀon for diagnosꢀc laparoscopy.
decades. Diagnosꢀc methods in this type of lesions In some cases, the results are negaꢀve but laparotomy
have evolved with the development of new concepts is avoided and, very oꢅen, a slight hemoperitoneum
and technological advances achieved over the past caused by a mesenteric tear, someꢀmes associated
twenty years. Therefore, it is important to define some with bowel ischemia, is demonstrated and repaired
parameters to indicate laparoscopy in paꢀents with by laparoscopy. Moreover, the paꢀents who could
abdominal trauma.
benefit most from the laparoscopic approach in blunt
Laparoscopy has certainly lost some validity trauma would be those with suspected hollow viscus
and usefulness in our environment for the diagnosis injury, suspected diaphragmaꢀc injury, failure aꢅer
of traumaꢀc intra-abdominal injuries, whether on conservaꢀve management, or those with isolated free
elecꢀve or emergency basis, due to the technological fluid and clinical impairment.
progress of the latest computed tomography devices
With the possibility of other therapeuꢀc
with image reconstrucꢀon techniques, also considering modaliꢀes, as angioembolizaꢀon, or the advances
that laparoscopy is an invasive pracꢀce not free in imaging tests that have increased their diagnosꢀc
from complicaꢀons. Nevertheless, it is sꢀll a great accuracy, conservaꢀve management is the strategy of
complement available nowadays.
choice in blunt trauma. Nonoperaꢀve management
Rapid and accurate determinaꢀon of peritoneal (NOM) of blunt abdominal trauma is mandatory and
penetraꢀon and idenꢀficaꢀon of the need for surgery is has become increasingly common in hemodynamically
a priority to reduce morbidity and mortality in paꢀents stable paꢀents without injuries with surgical indicaꢀons.
with penetraꢀng abdominal trauma. In this seꢄng, There are known complicaꢀons of NOM due to
laparoscopy may have a major impact on the rate of undrained intra-abdominal fluid, including bleeding
negaꢀve or non-therapeuꢀc laparotomies. In our and biliary leak that require delayed operaꢀon, more
experience, diagnosꢀc laparoscopy was indicated more commonly in liver lesions. Thus, laparoscopy can be
commonly in open abdominal trauma than in blunt considered as part of the overall management plan
trauma, which coincides with most publicaꢀons on instead of failure of NOM. Laparoscopy is beneficial in