6
6
Calvo García H y cols. Cuando la ileíꢁs de Crohn no es solo ileíꢁs. Rev Argent Cir 2022;114(1):63-66
whiꢀsh lesion with villous architectural changes in
some areas and inflammatory infiltrate in others which
did not exceed the muscular layers and generated a
dense fibroꢀc reacꢀon around the lesion. Twenty-one
grayish, elasꢀc, non-indurated nodules suggesꢀve
of lymph nodes were isolated in the adjacent fat.
Microscopically, the pathological examinaꢀon
■
FIGURE 2
reported a well-differenꢀated adenocarcinoma of the
terminal ileum with villous architectural changes and
inflammatory infiltrate up to the subserosa. There
were no lymph node metastases in the 21 lymph nodes
isolated (stage pT3N0), The surgical margins were clear.
There were also signs of severe terminal ileiꢀs due to CD
with mulꢀple aphthous ulcers, fissures, and transmural
lymphocyꢀc inflammaꢀon (Fig.2).
Histology of the specimen (hematoxylin and eosin stain, 10×): ade-
nocarcinoma of the terminal ileum with well-differenꢀated glands
infiltraꢀng up to the subserosa. (Short black arrow: subserosa. Black
arrowhead: glandular epithelium).
The first case of small bowel carcinoma
associated with CD was described by Ginzburg in 1956. responsive to medical therapy, surgery can usually be
6
The risk of gastrointesꢀnal cancer in paꢀents with scheduled aꢁer the paꢀent is opꢀmized .
inflammatory bowel disease is high, 0.2% and 2.2%
Surgery is the preferred opꢀon in paꢀents
with localized ileocecal CD with obstrucꢀve symptoms
1
aꢁer 10 and 25 years of ileal CD .
Small bowel adenocarcinoma arises in but no evidence of acꢀve inflammaꢀon. Paꢀents with
segments involved with CD and is more common in acꢀve inflammaꢀon should generally be first treated by
young men (fourth and fiꢁh decade of life), surgically medical treatment. In cases of failure of conservaꢀve
2
6
bypassed bowel segments , long-standing CD, acꢀve therapy, surgery is indicated .
3
course of CD in the terminal ileum with stricture .
In paꢀents with symptomaꢀc perforaꢀng/
Two important clinical indicators of malignancy fistulizing disease, ileocecal resecꢀon should be
arerecrudescentsymptomsaꢁerlongperiodsofCrohn’s considered at an early stage. In stricturing disease,
disease with no imaging signs of acꢀve inflammaꢀon both ileocecal resecꢀon and ileocolic strictureplasꢀes
and small bowel obstrucꢀon that is refractory to are valid opꢀons, with similar safety, efficacy, and long-
medical therapy. The development of masses, fistulas term recurrence rates. Wide lumen stapled ileocolic
4
and strictures should also be considered .
side-to-side (funcꢀonal end-to-end) anastomosis is the
6
Obstrucꢀon is the most common manifestaꢀon preferred technique .
as a complicaꢀon of CD in 2/3 of the cases, with
In summary, when dealing with a paꢀent
symptoms of nausea, vomiꢀng and abdominal pain; with CD with terminal ileiꢀs refractory to medical
hemorrhage, fistula or perforaꢀon are less common. treatment, it is important to consider other underlying
The prognosis of Crohn’s associated small bowel processes. Small bowel tumors are uncommon with
carcinoma is poorer than that of de novo small bowel a clinical picture indisꢀnguishable from the baseline
5
carcinomas (2-year survival of 9% vs. 15-25%) . Acute disease; thus, they are rarely suspected. The diagnosis
intesꢀnal obstrucꢀon caused by an inflamed or fibroꢀc is usually made with the surgical specimen. Small bowel
segment should be iniꢀally treated with conservaꢀve adenocarcinomas are associated with the extension and
measures. Emergency surgery is indicated in rare cases duraꢀon of CD. They usually present with bleeding or
of complete bowel obstrucꢀon, or if bowel ischemia is bowel obstrucꢀon. Aꢁer surgery, the outcome depends
suspected. In cases of parꢀal bowel obstrucꢀon non- on lymph node involvement
Referencias bibliográꢂcas /References
1
.
Palascak-Juif V, Bouvier AM, Cosnes J, et al. Small bowel
adenocarcinoma in paꢀents with Crohn’s disease compared with
small bowel adenocarcinoma de novo. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005;
cohort study from Denmark and Sweden. Gut. 2020;0:1-12.
4. Frank JD, Shorey BA. Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel as a
complicaꢀon of Crohn’s disease. Gut. 1973;14:120-4.
5. Greenstein AJ. Cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. Mt Sinai J
Med. 2000;67:227-40.
6. Bemelman WA, Warusavitarne J, Sampietro GM, et al. ECCO-
ESCP consensus on surgery for Crohn’s disease. J Crohns Coliꢀs
2018;12(1):1-16.
1
1:828-32.
2
3
.
.
Widmar M, Greenstein AJ, Sachar DB, et al. Small bowel
adenocarcinoma in Crohn’s disease. Gastrointest Surg.
J
2
011;15:797-802.
Axelrad JE, Olén O, Sachs MC, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease
and risk of small bowel cancer: a binaꢀonal populaꢀon-based