S Lencinas. Colonoscopia: en busca de la calidad y la seguridad del paciente. Rev Argent Cirug 2020;112(4):422-424
423
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ENGLISH VERSION
Colonoscopy is a procedure used for the
We emphasize the importance of a training
diagnosis and treatment of many colorectal diseases. In program to perform a safe pracꢀce. Nowadays, the
addiꢀon, it consꢀtutes the most used colorectal cancer first stage is performed using endoscopy simulators,
screening test; therefore, it should be performed and once the basic knowledge is acquired the next step
1
according to the highest quality and safety standards .
consists of performing procedures on paꢀents, always
Colonoscopy safety has been evaluated in the under the supervision of an already trained physician,
present study through the analysis of the complicaꢀons thus reducing the probability of adverse events during
5
associated with the method, which represent an the learning process .
important outcome measure. The rate of these
It is now important to ensure the highest
complicaꢀons must not exceed the internaꢀonally quality in endoscopy, which means that besides an
accepted standards to be considered a safe and high- accepted complicaꢀon rate, it complies with a series
quality pracꢀce.
of indicators such as: adenoma detecꢀon rate (ADR),
2
, 3
Adverse events which occur during or aꢁer cecal intubaꢀon rate or withdrawal ꢀme, among
the procedure, shiꢁ the expected course as they others. These standards should be measured later to
lead to changes in paꢀent management and delay evaluate endoscopists performance and detect possible
recovery. These complicaꢀons also expose the paꢀent deviaꢀons that can be corrected.6
to addiꢀonal intervenꢀons such as repeat colonoscopy,
Adenoma detector rate consꢀtutes the key
blood transfusions, intervenꢀonal radiology procedures for prevenꢀon, as it indicates complete and meꢀculous
or surgery. mucosal inspecꢀon, adequate bowel cleaning and
This mulꢀcenter, retrospecꢀve study, which complete examinaꢀon (cecal intubaꢀon > 95%). An
included 24,907 colonoscopies performed over 5 inverse associaꢀon exists between ADR and risk
years in different centers in the provinces of the for interval cancer (cancer detected between two
country and in a training center in the city of Buenos screening colonoscopies). Adenoma detector rate
Aires, demonstrated that colonoscopy performed should be at least of 25% for each endoscopist and has
by colorectal surgeons is safe, since the rate of an inverse correlaꢀon with the risk for not detecꢀng a
specific complicaꢀons (post-polypectomy syndrome, polyp during the study, also known as mixed lesion. For
bleeding and perforaꢀon) is within the accepted all these reasons, we must try to improve and increase
parameters.
Their results are also similar to those of the
our ADR permanently.
It is also important to characterize colonic
university hospital. This outcome is due to the fact that lesions7 during screening to define the subsequent
colonoscopies were performed by colorectal surgeons management. The adequate technique of endoscopic
who were trained in the technique within a systemaꢀc resecꢀon, either polypectomy or mucosectomy,
residency training program in the subspecialty. consꢀtutes another fundamental cornerstone for
This aspect is of utmost importance, since as we success in the prevenꢀon of colorectal cancer.
know, colonoscopy represents between 25-30% of
proctologist’s acꢀvity worldwide.
Finally, compliance with all the quality
parameters will yield a safe endoscopic pracꢀce and
In our country there are few standardized define the appropriate surveillance intervals for each
9
training programs in endoscopy for general surgeons paꢀent .
but are not incorporated in general surgery residencies.
The Commiꢂee on Flexible Endoscopy of
On the other hand, trainees in colorectal surgery Asociación Argenꢀna de Cirugía has always highlighted
can acquire the necessary skills for the pracꢀce the need for systemaꢀc training programs and
of endoscopy through different training programs conꢀnuous improvement to reach the highest quality
4
(
residency programs, fellowship or university courses) . standards.
Referencias bibliográficas /References
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2
.
.
Rex DK, et al. Quality indicators for colonoscopy. Gastrointest En-
dosc. 2015; 81:31-53.
4. Paspaꢀs G, Arvanitakis M, Dumonceau J-M, et al. Diagnosis and
management of iatrogenic endoscopic perforaꢀons: European
Society of Gastrointesꢀnal Endoscopy (ESGE) Posiꢀon Statement
– Update 2020. Endoscopy. 2020; 52: 792-810.
Amarillo HA , Tacchi P , García M , Sánchez Ruiz A , Borquez V,
Baistrocchi J y cols. Seguridad y entrenamiento de las colonosco-
pias por cirujanos. Estudio mulꢀcéntrico. Rev Argent Cirug 2020;
5. Oh JR, Han KS, Hong ChW, et al. Colonoscopy learning curves for
colorectal surgery felliw trainees: experiences with the 15-year co-
lonoscopy training program. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2018; 95: 169-74.
112(3):274-292 - hꢂp://dx.doi.org/10.25132/raac.v112.n3.1454.
es
o
3
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Kothari S, Huang R, Shaukat A, et al. ASGE review of adverse events
in colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2019; 90: 863-76.
6. Marecos MC, Sequeira CA. Relato Oficial del 90 Congreso Argen-
ꢀno de Cirugía 2019. ¿Qué lugar ocupa la simulación en la forma-