3
86
Gemio del Rey IA y cols. Lipoma isquiorrectal gigante. Rev Argent Cir 2021;113(3):384-387
lización de RM pélvica, tomograꢅa computarizada (TC) pliar el estudio anatomopatológico con ampliꢁcación
5
o ecoendoscopia o combinación de los tres estudios .
del gen MDM2 para descartar lesiones mesenquimales
4
El tratamiento consiste en la exéresis quirúrgi- con potencial maligno . Los resultados quirúrgicos a 6
ca completa de la lesión. Dado el tamaño importante meses que hemos obtenido son muy buenos, con des-
que suelen tener estas lesiones, se hace necesario am- aparición completa de la sintomatología.
■
ENGLISH VERSION
Lipomas are the most common (50%) soꢃ-
1 2
ssue tumors . Progression to liposarcoma is rare .
■
FIGURE 1
ꢀ
Depending on their size, they may cause compression
and displacement of adjacent structures producing
1
different symptoms .
We chose this case because it is clinically
excepꢀonal. A 49-year-old female paꢀent with a
history of depression well-controlled with drug therapy
aꢄended a scheduled visit due to severe anal pain (9/10
on the VAS scale) associated with defecaꢀon urgency,
tenesmus, dyspareunia and moderate/severe gas and
3
fecal inconꢀnence (Wexner score = 14 ) over the past
months, with signiꢁcant impact on her quality of life.
On examinaꢀon, an elasꢀc soꢃ tumor was observed
at the level of the right buꢄock suggesꢀve of lipoma
about 3 cenꢀmeters distant from the anal verge. There
were also skin sꢀgmata of a previous infecꢀon already
resolved. The tumor did not seem to be aꢄached to
the deep planes. On rectal examinaꢀon, the sphincter
was slightly hypotonic, and a frank, non-obstrucꢀve
extrinsic compression was found at about 3 cm from
the external anal verge (EAV), causing lateral bulging.
The ultrasound scan showed hyperechoic
subcutaneous ꢀssue with diffuse enlargement and
mass effect. A magneꢀc resonance imaging scan was
ordered. An encapsulated, non-lobulated mass with
a size of 15.7 × 9 × 6 cm was idenꢀꢁed in the right
buꢄock, extending from the subcutaneous ꢀssue to
the deep planes through the ischioanal fossa and
ischiorectal fossa, displacing the levator ani muscle
and rectum (Fig. 1). The mass had the characterisꢀcs
of adipose ꢀssue, was close to the EAV and affected the
nerves of the sacral plexus. Considering its large size,
a malignant mesenchymal tumor could not be ruled
out, and core needle biopsy (CNB) of the mass was
performed under ultrasound guidance. The histologic
examinaꢀon showed mature adipose ꢀssue.
Magneꢀc resonance imaging showing the large lipoma (black arrow)
displacing the rectum and the levator ani muscle (white arrow)
The postoperaꢀve period was unevenꢆul and the
paꢀent was discharged 48 hours aꢃer the procedure.
The pathological diagnosis was encapsulated
mature lipoma with a size of 20 × 13 × 6 cm (Fig. 2).
Further cytogeneꢀc tesꢀng was necessary to rule
out malignancy due to the tumor size. MDM2 gene4
ampliꢁcaꢀon (12q15) by FISH on interphase nuclei
was performed using Vysis MDM2/CEP 12 probe, with
negaꢀve results.
One month later the wound had healed and
she was free of symptoms. She remained asymptomaꢀc
during the 6-month follow-up.
We performed a literature search in PubMed,
updated on December 16, 2020, using the following
strategy: (Lipoma) AND [(Fecal inconꢀnence) OR
(
Inconꢀnence, Fecal) OR (Inconꢀnences, fecal) OR
anorectal)] to assess the associaꢀon between
(
ischiorectal lipoma and the presence of anorectal
symptoms.
A total of 87 arꢀcles were retrieved, but none
of them could establish any associaꢀon between
anorectal lipoma and perineal symptoms.
These arꢀcles mainly deal with the relaꢀonship
between perineal lipomas and congenital defects, most
of them diagnosed during intrauterine life or in the
Elecꢀve surgery was indicated under general
anesthesia, with the paꢀent in the prone posiꢀon
(
jackknife posiꢀon). An ellipꢀcal incision was made in
the ischiorectal fossa, revealing a large encapsulated
lipomatous tumor with well-deꢁned planes, in contact
with the rectal wall but without inꢁltraꢀng it, with
upward displacement of the levator ani muscle. The
lesion was excised en bloc. Operaꢀve ꢀme was 1 hour.