Rodríguez GM y cols. Nódulo de Villar. Rev Argent Cir 2021;113(3):371-374
373
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ENGLISH VERSION
Extrapelvic endometriosis is
a
rare and
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FIGURE 1
complex phenomenon. Endometriosis has been
reported in several organs including the brain, lungs,
gastrointesꢀnal tract, urinary system and muscles.
Despite about 12% of paꢀents with endometriosis have
1
,2
extrapelvic disease, it is usually misdiagnosed .
We report
a
case of primary umbilical
endometriosis, a condiꢀon that was first described by
3
Villar in 1886 . The paꢀent sought medical care in our
department aꢂer several medical visits with diagnosis
of “infecꢀon” of the umbilical scar unresponsive to
medical treatment.
The paꢀent was a 29-year-old nullipara, with
no relevant medical or surgical history, who complained
of episodic stabbing pain in the umbilicus, which
parꢀally relieved with nonsteroidal anꢀ-inflammatory
drugs. Interesꢀngly, 24 to 48 hours aꢂer the last day
of menstruaꢀon she noted a small amount of bloody
discharge along with a change in the color of the
umbilicus which became “darker”.
The physical examinaꢀon revealed a 1.5-cm
soꢂ umbilical nodule, fixed to the deep plane, with a
slightly darker color than the rest of the skin (Fig. 1).
A diagnosis of Villar’s nodule was made
and the paꢀent underwent abdominal ultrasound,
transvaginal ultrasound and soꢂ ꢀssue mass ultrasound
of the umbilical region which reported: “solid echogenic
subcutaneous nodule with well-defined borders and a
small central cysꢀc area”. The gynecologic scans did not
show any other lesions.
Villar’s nodule (held by a Backhaus forceps)
FIGURE 2
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As it was impossible to obtain an MRI of the
abdomen and pelvis at the ꢀme of menstruaꢀon for
disease staging, we decided to perform an exploratory
laparoscopy. Small implants were found in the Douglas’
pouch and there were no other lesions. The lesion was
resected, preserving the umbilicus (Fig. 2).
The paꢀent had favorable postoperaꢀve
outcome and was discharge 24 hours later. She is
receiving hormone treatment, is followed-up by the
department of gynecology, and is free of recurrence
aꢂer 5 months.
Specimen of resecꢀon
via the blood vessels or lymphaꢀc system, or by
direct seeding during laparoscopy that may then
The pathology report concluded: “epidermis
with focal erosion; ectopic endometrial glands lined
with a row of low cylindrical cells in the underlying
stroma. Histological features of endometriosis”.
In general, cutaneous or subcutaneous
involvement of endometriosis is secondary to a surgical
scar. Less than 30% of cases of cutaneous endometriosis
proliferate1
,3,4
.
Umbilical endometriosis usually appears as
single or mulꢀple solid nodules (rarely mulꢀlobulated),
with a diameter between 0.5 and 2.5 cm, varying in
color according to the amount of blood and the degree
of penetraꢀon of the ectopic endometrial ꢀssue.
2
Occasionally skin-colored nodules can develop . Mean
appear in the absence of surgery and are known as
primary or spontaneous cutaneous endometriosis2,5
age of paꢀents is between 33 and 39 years according
2
to the different series . Clinical symptoms include
as in our paꢀent, may even develop during pregnancy
and disappear spontaneously aꢂer childbirth. Umbilical
pain, bleeding, hyperesthesia, edema and nodule
enlargement during menstruaꢀon. All symptoms
rarely appear together, and even asymptomaꢀc
cases have been reported. Gynecologic symptoms
4
endometriosis represents 0.4 to 4% of endometriosis .
Its pathogenesis is not well understood but may arise
from endometrial ꢀssue that reaches the umbilicus